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How to File an FIR for Online Offences in India
With the rapid growth of digital platforms, incidents of online fraud, cyber harassment, identity theft, and social media abuse are increasing in India. Many victims are unaware that online offences are cognizable crimes and that an FIR can be legally registered.
This article explains how to file an FIR for online offences in India, applicable laws, step-by-step procedure, and legal remedies available to victims.
What Are Online Offences?
Online offences (cyber crimes) include any illegal act committed using computers, mobile phones, or the internet. Common examples include:
- Online financial fraud and phishing
- Social media harassment and threats
- Fake profiles and identity theft
- Online blackmail and sextortion
- Data theft and hacking
You may also read our detailed analysis on cyber risks on social platforms at
Legal Warning India – Cyber Law Awareness.
Is FIR Mandatory for Cyber Crime?
Yes. If the offence is cognizable (such as fraud, cheating, threats, or sexual harassment), the police are legally bound to register an FIR under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) and the Information Technology Act.
Legal Provisions Applicable
- BNS – Cheating, criminal intimidation, defamation
- IT Act – Unauthorized access, data theft, identity misuse
- Cyber Crime Rules & Police Standing Orders
Step-by-Step Process to File FIR for Online Offences
1. Collect Digital Evidence
- Screenshots of chats, emails, posts
- Transaction details (bank, UPI, wallet)
- URLs, usernames, phone numbers
2. File Complaint on Cyber Crime Portal
You can submit an online complaint through the Government cyber crime portal. This helps generate an official record.
3. Visit Nearest Police Station
Take a printed complaint and evidence. Jurisdiction is not a bar in cyber offences.
4. Demand FIR Registration
If the offence is cognizable, police must register FIR under Section 173 BNS. Refusal can be challenged legally.
If Police Refuse to Register FIR
If your FIR is not registered, you may:
- Approach the Superintendent of Police
- File complaint before Magistrate under Section 156(3)
- Send written representation by registered post
We have explained police accountability in detail in our legal rights articles on
LegalWarningIndia.in.
Can FIR Be Filed Online?
Yes, many states allow preliminary online FIR registration for cyber crimes. However, physical verification may still be required.
Role of Advocate in Cyber FIR
An advocate can help:
- Draft legally strong complaint
- Ensure correct sections are applied
- Prevent illegal closure of complaint
- Initiate court remedies if required
Conclusion
Online offences are real crimes with serious consequences. Filing an FIR is not only your right but also the first step toward justice. Proper legal guidance ensures your complaint is taken seriously and processed lawfully.
